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Orthognathic Surgery : 7 Common important Reasons for Orthognathic Surgery
Orthognathic surgery, often referred to as jaw surgery, is a specialized procedure designed to correct a range of skeletal and dental irregularities. These irregularities may affect not only the alignment of the jaws but also everyday functions such as breathing, speaking, and chewing. In addition to improving function, orthognathic surgery can also enhance facial appearance by balancing facial proportions. Whether you’ve been advised by a healthcare professional or are simply considering the procedure, understanding what to expect before, during, and after surgery is crucial for making an informed decision.
Understanding Orthognathic Surgery
Orthognathic surgery involves the precise repositioning of the jawbones to achieve improved alignment and function. In many cases, it is combined with orthodontic treatments such as braces, since braces alone cannot fully address certain jaw-related issues. The surgery is customized based on the specific needs of each patient and can address both minor misalignments and more complex jaw discrepancies.
Common Reasons for Orthognathic Surgery:
- Malocclusion (incorrect bite): Problems like overbite, underbite, crossbite, or open bite.
- Jaw misalignment: Conditions where the jaws are not properly aligned.
- Difficulty with basic functions: Issues like chewing, biting, or swallowing.
- Chronic jaw pain or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders.
- Breathing problems: Conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea.
- Speech impediments: Difficulties with pronunciation and clarity due to jaw misalignment.
- Facial asymmetry or disproportion: Discrepancies in facial features that affect aesthetics and function.
The Consultation Process
The journey toward orthognathic surgery begins with thorough consultations and evaluations by an orthodontist and an oral and maxillofacial surgeon. The process typically unfolds as follows:
- Initial Consultation: The first step involves meeting with your specialists, who will assess your facial structure, dental alignment, and bite. They will listen to your concerns and goals, explain the potential benefits and risks of the procedure, and determine if you are a suitable candidate.
- Diagnostic Imaging and Planning: Advanced diagnostic tools, such as X-rays, CT scans, and 3D imaging, are used to create a detailed surgical plan. This phase is critical, as it allows for precise planning of the jaw repositioning needed to achieve ideal alignment and function.
The Surgical Procedure
Orthognathic surgery is a carefully orchestrated procedure that requires both pre-surgery preparation and meticulous surgical execution.
Pre-Surgery Preparation:
In most cases, orthodontic treatment with braces is necessary before surgery to align the teeth properly. This preparation phase can last from several months to over a year, depending on the complexity of your case. Close collaboration between your orthodontist and surgeon is essential to ensure that your teeth are positioned optimally for surgery.
The Surgery:
The surgery itself is typically performed under general anesthesia in a hospital setting. The surgeon makes incisions inside the mouth to access the jawbones, avoiding visible scarring. The bones are then cut and repositioned according to the pre-determined plan. In some cases, small plates, screws, and wires are used to stabilize the bones in their new positions. Depending on the complexity of the surgery, the procedure may take several hours.
Post-Surgery Care and Recovery
Immediate Recovery:
Post-surgery, it’s normal to experience swelling, bruising, and discomfort. Pain can be managed with prescribed medications, while ice packs help reduce swelling. Patients are usually advised to stick to a liquid or soft food diet during the initial recovery period to avoid putting strain on the surgical areas.
Healing Process:
The initial healing phase lasts a few weeks, during which time the bones begin to fuse in their new positions. Full recovery, however, can take several months as the bone and surrounding tissues completely heal. Patients are advised to avoid strenuous activities and maintain good oral hygiene during this time to prevent infection.
Follow-Up Appointments:
Regular follow-ups are vital for monitoring the healing process. Your orthodontist and surgeon will check for proper bone healing and make adjustments if needed. After the surgery, orthodontic treatment may continue for a few more months to refine your bite and alignment.
Long-Term Results and Benefits
Orthognathic surgery offers transformative benefits, both functionally and aesthetically. Patients often report significant improvements in chewing, speaking, and breathing. Chronic pain, such as that associated with TMJ disorders, can be alleviated, leading to a better quality of life. The surgery also enhances facial harmony, resulting in a more balanced and attractive appearance. These results are typically long-lasting, as long as proper post-surgery care and regular dental check-ups are maintained.
Considering Orthognathic Surgery?
If you are contemplating orthognathic surgery, it’s crucial to consult with experienced professionals who can provide a clear understanding of the procedure and its potential outcomes. The decision to undergo surgery is significant and should be made after thoroughly weighing the benefits and risks in relation to your specific needs and goals.